THE ANTI-THYROGLOBULIN ANTIBODY (ANTI-TG) TEST MEASURES ANTIBODIES PRODUCED BY THE IMMUNE SYSTEM AGAINST THYROGLOBULIN, A PROTEIN FOUND IN THE THYROID GLAND. ELEVATED LEVELS OF ANTI-TG ANTIBODIES CAN INDICATE AN AUTOIMMUNE THYROID DISORDER, SUCH AS HASHIMOTOS THYROIDITIS, WHERE THE BODYS IMMUNE SYSTEM MISTAKENLY ATTACKS THE THYROID GLAND. THIS TEST IS OFTEN USED IN CONJUNCTION WITH OTHER THYROID FUNCTION TESTS TO DIAGNOSE AND MONITOR THYROID CONDITIONS.

DETERMINATION OF TPO ANTIBODY LEVELS IS THE MOST SENSITIVE TEST FOR DETECTING AUTOIMMUNE THYROID DISEASE LIKE HASHIMOTO THYROIDITIS (90%), IDIOPATHIC MYXEDEMA AND GRAVES DISEASE (60-80%). PRESENCE OF TPO ANTIBODIES IN SUBCLINICAL HYPOTHYROIDISM IS ASSOCIATED WITH AN INCREASED RISK OF DEVELOPING OVERT HYPOTHYROIDISM. THIS ASSAY HELPS IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF THYROID AUTOIMMUNE DISORDERS AND SERVES AS A DIAGNOSTIC TOOL IN DECIDING THERAPY FOR SUBCLINICAL HYPOTHYROIDISM.