A urine pregnancy test is a rapid, over - the - counter test used to detect the presence of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) in a woman urine. hCG is a hormone produced by the placenta shortly after fertilization. If a woman is pregnant, hCG will be present in her urine and can be detected by the test. Urine pregnancy tests are generally accurate when taken after a missed period, but for more sensitive results, it is recommended to wait a few days after the expected start of your menstrual cycle.

HbA1c (Glycosylated Hemoglobin) is a blood test that provides a snapshot of your average blood sugar levels over the past 2 - 3 months.It measures the percentage of hemoglobin, a protein in red blood cells, that has glucose attached to it.This test is crucial for managing diabetes as it helps assess how well blood sugar levels are controlled.A high HbA1c indicates poor blood sugar control and an increased risk of diabetes complications, while a lower HbA1c reflects better blood sugar management.

A Fasting Blood Sugar (FBS) test measures the level of glucose (sugar) in your blood after not eating or drinking anything ( except water ) for at least 8 hours.This test is crucial for diagnosing prediabetes, diabetes, and monitoring blood sugar control in people with diabetes.Elevated FBS levels can indicate insulin resistance or impaired glucose metabolism, while abnormally low levels might signal other health issues.

A Postprandial Blood Sugar (PPBS) test measures the amount of glucose (sugar) in the blood two hours after a meal.nn 1 This test helps assess how well the body processes sugar, particularly for individuals with diabetes or those at risk.2 Elevated PPBS levels can indicate impaired glucose tolerance or diabetes, while normal levels suggest healthy sugar metabolism.