PROTEIN ELECTROPHORESIS IS A TECHNIQUE USED TO SEPARATE PROTEINS BASED ON THEIR SIZE AND CHARGE. IN SERUM, THIS METHOD IS PARTICULARLY USEFUL FOR DIAGNOSING VARIOUS MEDICAL CONDITIONS. BY APPLYING AN ELECTRIC CURRENT TO A GEL CONTAINING SERUM PROTEINS, THEY MIGRATE AT DIFFERENT RATES DEPENDING ON THEIR SIZE AND CHARGE. THIS ALLOWS FOR THE IDENTIFICATION OF ABNORMAL PROTEIN PATTERNS ASSOCIATED WITH DISEASES SUCH AS MULTIPLE MYELOMA, LIVER DISEASE, AND CERTAIN INFECTIONS.

An Immunoglobulin E (IgE) serum test measures the level of IgE antibodies in your blood. IgE is an antibody primarily involved in allergic reactions. Elevated IgE levels can indicate allergies, such as hay fever, asthma, or food allergies. However, Its important to note that high IgE levels can also be associated with parasitic infections and certain immune system disorders.This test helps diagnose and manage allergic conditions, as well as investigate other potential underlying health issues.

THE TEST FOR FREE KAPPA/LAMBDA LIGHT CHAINS IN URINE IS USED TO DETECT AND MONITOR CERTAIN TYPES OF PLASMA CELL DISORDERS, SUCH AS MULTIPLE MYELOMA. PLASMA CELLS ARE A TYPE OF WHITE BLOOD CELL THAT PRODUCES ANTIBODIES. IN SOME DISORDERS, PLASMA CELLS PRODUCE ABNORMAL ANTIBODIES OR EXCESS LIGHT CHAINS, WHICH CAN BE DETECTED IN THE URINE. ELEVATED LEVELS OF KAPPA OR LAMBDA LIGHT CHAINS IN THE URINE MAY INDICATE THE PRESENCE OF A PLASMA CELL DISORDER. THIS TEST IS OFTEN USED IN CONJUNCTION WITH OTHER TESTS TO DIAGNOSE AND MONITOR THE PROGRESSION OF THESE CONDITIONS.

THIS TEST MEASURES THE AMOUNT OF IMMUNOGLOBULIN M (IGM) IN YOUR BLOOD. IGM IS AN ANTIBODY THAT IS PRODUCED EARLY IN YOUR BODYS RESPONSE TO A NEW INFECTION. HIGH LEVELS OF IGM MAY INDICATE A RECENT INFECTION, WHILE LOW LEVELS MAY SUGGEST AN IMMUNE SYSTEM PROBLEM.

IGG CONSTITUTES 80% OF TOTAL IMMUNOGLOBULINS IN SERUM. ELEVATION IS SEEN IN POLYCLONAL IMMUNOGLOBULIN PRODUCTION WHEREAS MONOCLONAL ELEVATION CHARACTERISES MULTIPLE MYELOMA. THIS ASSAY IS USEFUL FOR THE DETECTION AND MONITORING OF MONOCLONAL GAMMOPATHIES & IMMUNE DEFICIENCIES.

THIS ASSAY IS USEFUL FOR DIAGNOSING & MONITORING PATIENTS WITH MONOCLONAL GAMMOPATHIES. PROTEIN ELECTROPHORESIS ALONE IS NOT CONSIDERED AN ADEQUATE SCREENING TEST FOR MONOCLONAL GAMMOPATHIES.