A creatinine serum test measures the level of creatinine, a waste product produced by muscle breakdown, in your blood.Creatinine is normally filtered from the blood by the kidneys and excreted in urine.Elevated creatinine levels can indicate impaired kidney function.This test is essential for assessing kidney health, diagnosing kidney disease, monitoring the progression of kidney conditions, and evaluating the effectiveness of kidney treatments.

LDH IS AN ENZYME FOUND IN VARIOUS TISSUES THROUGHOUT THE BODY, INCLUDING THE HEART, LIVER, SKELETAL MUSCLE, KIDNEYS, AND RED BLOOD CELLS. IT IS INVOLVED IN THE BREAKDOWN OF GLUCOSE FOR ENERGY PRODUCTION. WHEN TISSUES ARE DAMAGED OR DISEASED, LDH LEVELS IN THE BLOOD CAN INCREASE. ELEVATED LDH LEVELS CAN BE A SIGN OF CONDITIONS SUCH AS HEART ATTACKS, LIVER DISEASE, HEMOLYTIC ANEMIA, MUSCLE DAMAGE, AND CERTAIN CANCERS. HOWEVER, IT IS IMPORTANT TO NOTE THAT ELEVATED LDH LEVELS ALONE MAY NOT BE ENOUGH TO DIAGNOSE A SPECIFIC CONDITION, AND FURTHER TESTING MAY BE NECESSARY TO DETERMINE THE UNDERLYING CAUSE.

Calcium, Serum is a blood test that measures the amount of calcium in your blood.Calcium is a vital mineral essential for strong bones and teeth, nerve function, muscle contraction, and blood clotting.Abnormal calcium levels can indicate various health conditions, such as bone diseases, kidney problems, parathyroid disorders, or thyroid issues.This test helps diagnose and monitor these conditions, as well as assess overall bone health.

SERUM URIC ACID IS A WASTE PRODUCT PRODUCED BY THE BREAKDOWN OF PURINES, COMPOUNDS FOUND IN MANY FOODS. THE KIDNEYS ARE RESPONSIBLE FOR FILTERING URIC ACID FROM THE BLOOD AND ELIMINATING IT THROUGH THE URINE. ELEVATED SERUM URIC ACID LEVELS CAN LEAD TO HYPERURICEMIA, A CONDITION THAT CAN INCREASE THE RISK OF GOUT, A PAINFUL INFLAMMATORY CONDITION CHARACTERIZED BY THE FORMATION OF URIC ACID CRYSTALS IN THE JOINTS. SEVERAL FACTORS, INCLUDING DIET, GENETICS, AND CERTAIN MEDICAL CONDITIONS, CAN CONTRIBUTE TO ELEVATED URIC ACID LEVELS.

A reticulocyte count is a blood test that measures the number of immature red blood cells (reticulocytes) in your blood. Reticulocytes are produced in your bone marrow and mature into red blood cells within a few days. This test helps determine if your bone marrow is producing enough red blood cells. A high reticulocyte count may indicate that your body is producing red blood cells at an increased rate, possibly due to anemia or other conditions. A low reticulocyte count may suggest that your bone marrow is not producing enough red blood cells, which could be a sign of certain types of anemia or bone marrow disorders.

THE TOTAL SERUM PROTEIN TEST MEASURES THE TOTAL AMOUNT OF PROTEIN IN THE BLOOD, SPECIFICALLY ALBUMIN AND GLOBULIN. ALBUMIN, PRIMARILY PRODUCED BY THE LIVER, PREVENTS FLUID LEAKAGE FROM BLOOD VESSELS AND TRANSPORTS SUBSTANCES. GLOBULINS, INCLUDING ANTIBODIES, PLAY A CRUCIAL ROLE IN THE IMMUNE SYSTEM. AN ABNORMAL TOTAL PROTEIN LEVEL CAN INDICATE VARIOUS CONDITIONS LIKE LIVER OR KIDNEY DISEASE, MALNUTRITION, OR CERTAIN INFECTIONS.

THIS TEST MEASURES THE AMOUNT OF IMMUNOGLOBULIN M (IGM) IN YOUR BLOOD. IGM IS AN ANTIBODY THAT IS PRODUCED EARLY IN YOUR BODYS RESPONSE TO A NEW INFECTION. HIGH LEVELS OF IGM MAY INDICATE A RECENT INFECTION, WHILE LOW LEVELS MAY SUGGEST AN IMMUNE SYSTEM PROBLEM.

IGG CONSTITUTES 80% OF TOTAL IMMUNOGLOBULINS IN SERUM. ELEVATION IS SEEN IN POLYCLONAL IMMUNOGLOBULIN PRODUCTION WHEREAS MONOCLONAL ELEVATION CHARACTERISES MULTIPLE MYELOMA. THIS ASSAY IS USEFUL FOR THE DETECTION AND MONITORING OF MONOCLONAL GAMMOPATHIES & IMMUNE DEFICIENCIES.

IGA CONSTITUTES 15% OF GAMMA GLOBULINS IN NORMAL SERUM. DECREASED LEVELS ARE SEEN IN PATIENTS WITH CONGENITAL DEFICIENCIES. MONOCLONAL ELEVATION OF IGA IS SEEN IN MULTIPLE MYELOMA & PRIMARY SYSTEMIC AMYLOIDOSIS. THIS ASSAY IS USEFUL FOR DETECTION AND MONITORING OF MONOCLONAL GAMMOPATHIES AND PRIMARY OR SECONDARY IMMUNE DEFICIENCIES.

THIS ASSAY IS USEFUL FOR EVALUATING PROGNOSIS OF MULTIPLE MYELOMA. IT IS ALSO USED FOR THE EVALUATION OF RENAL TUBULAR DISORDERS WHERE SERUM LEVELS ARE LOW BUT URINE LEVELS ARE HIGH.

THIS ASSAY IN COMBINATION WITH SERUM PROTEIN ELECTROPHORESIS AND IMMUNOFIXATION ELECTROPHORESIS YIELDS HIGH SENSITIVITY (99%) FOR THE DIAGNOSIS OF PLASMA CELL DISORDERS (PCD). BASELINE MEASUREMENT IS OF MAJOR PROGNOSTIC VALUE AND ALLOWS QUANTITATIVE MONITORING OF PATIENTS WITH OLIGOSECRETORY PCD.

A COMPLETE BLOOD COUNT (CBC) IS A COMPREHENSIVE BLOOD TEST THAT PROVIDES INFORMATION ABOUT THE CELLS IN YOUR BLOOD. IT MEASURES THE NUMBER OF RED BLOOD CELLS, WHITE BLOOD CELLS, AND PLATELETS, AS WELL AS HEMOGLOBIN (THE PROTEIN THAT CARRIES OXYGEN) AND HEMATOCRIT (THE PERCENTAGE OF RED BLOOD CELLS IN YOUR BLOOD). A CBC IS USED TO DIAGNOSE AND MONITOR A WIDE RANGE OF CONDITIONS, INCLUDING ANEMIA, INFECTIONS, BLEEDING DISORDERS, AND BLOOD CANCERS.

IT IS THE GOLD STANDARD FOR DIAGNOSING MONOCLONAL GAMMOPATHIES, A GROUP OF CONDITIONS THAT INCLUDES MULTIPLE MYELOMA, WALDENSTR MS MACROGLOBULINEMIA, AND MONOCLONAL GAMMOPATHY OF UNDETERMINED SIGNIFICANCE (MGUS).